Ann Coloproctol > Epub ahead of print |
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Author contributions
Conceptualization: IJYW, ISE, EKWT; Data curation: all authors; Formal analysis: IJYW; Investigation: IJYW, ISE; Methodology: all authors; Project administration: all authors; Resources: all authors; Software: IJYW; Supervision: ISE, AYC, ES, CHK, WL, CM, EKWT; Validation: ISE, AYC, ES, CHK, WL, CM, EKWT; Visualization: ISE, AYC, ES, CHK, WL, CM, EKWT; Writing–original draft: IJYW, ISE, EKWT; Writing–review & editing: all authors. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Study | Study design | Comparison | Exercise program | ERAS program | Noncompliance (%) | Duration of PH (day) |
No. of patients |
Age (yr) |
Male sex |
ASA PS classification |
Neoadjuvant therapy |
Site of cancer |
Laparoscopic approach |
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Total | PH | Control | PH | Control | PH | Control | PH | Control | PH | Control | PH | Control | PH | Control | |||||||
Li et al. [24] (2013) | PT | Multimodal PH vs. ERAS alone | Supervised aerobic and muscular resistance exercises for 30 min 3 times/wk | Preoperative education+no premedication+carbohydrate loading+judicious opioids+early mobilization | 55.0 | 33 (21–46) | 87 | 42 | 45 | 67.4 ±11.0 | 66.4 ±12.0 | 22 | 29 | Grade I: 3 | Grade I: 6 | NA | NA | Colon: 19 | Colon: 14 | 34 | 42 |
Grade II: 31 | Grade II: 29 | Rectal: 23 | Rectal: 31 | ||||||||||||||||||
Grade III: 8 | Grade III: 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Gillis et al. [14] (2014) | RCT | Multimodal PH vs. ERAS alone | Home-based aerobic and muscular resistance training for 50 min 3 times/wk | Preoperative education+no premedication+carbohydrate loading+judicious opioids+early mobilization | 22.0 | 20 (20–35) | 77 | 38 | 39 | 65.7 ±13.6 | 66.0 ±9.1 | 21 | 27 | Grade I: 4 | Grade I: 4 | 10 | 8 | Colon: 24 | Colon: 23 | 37 | 35 |
Grade II: 24 | Grade II: 26 | Rectal: 14 | Rectal: 16 | ||||||||||||||||||
Grade III: 10 | Grade III: 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Bousquet-Dion et al. [23] (2018) | RCT | Multimodal PH vs. ERAS alone | Supervised moderate aerobic exercise 1 time/wk and home-based aerobic and resistance training 3 times/wk | Preoperative education+no premedication+carbohydrate loading+judicious opioids+early mobilization+rehab | 2.0 | 32 (25–48) | 63 | 37 | 26 | 73.4 ±3.0 | 67.8 ±5.7 | 30 | 16 | Grade I: 1 | Grade I: 3 | 5 | 4 | Colon: 25 | Colon: 19 | 31 | 21 |
Grade II: 23 | Grade II: 11 | Rectal: 12 | Rectal: 6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Grade III: 13 | Grade III: 12 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Carli et al. [15] (2020) | RCT | Multimodal PH vs. ERAS alone | Supervised moderate aerobic exercise 1 time/wk and home-based aerobic and resistance training 3 times/wk | Preoperative education+no premedication+carbohydrate loading+judicious opioids+early mobilization | 20.0 | 40 (28–51) | 110 | 55 | 55 | 77.5 ±2.9 | 80.8 ±2.6 | 29 | 23 | Grade II: 19 | Grade II: 9 | 7 | 4 | Colon: 37 | Colon: 42 | 42 | 45 |
Grade III: 33 | Grade III: 43 | Rectal: 18 | Rectal: 13 | ||||||||||||||||||
Grade IV: 3 | Grade IV: 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
de Klerk et al. [25] (2021) | RCT | Multimodal PH vs. ERAS alone | Supervised high intensity training 3 times/wk and aerobic training 4 times/wk | Preoperative education+iron supplementation+carbohydrate loading+judicious opioids+early mobilization | 10.0 | 35 (18–54) | 351 | 76 | 275 | 74.0 ±6.9 | 69.5 ±15.0 | 39 | 142 | Grade I: 2 | Grade I: 12 | 7 | 36 | Colon: 56 | Colon: 197 | 75 | 269 |
Grade II: 40 | Grade II: 135 | Rectal: 20 | Rectal: 78 | ||||||||||||||||||
Grade III: 32 | Grade III: 110 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Grade IV: 2 | Grade IV: 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Lopez-Rodriguez-Arias et al. [12] (2021) | RCT | Multimodal PH vs. ERAS alone | Home-based aerobic and muscular resistance training 30-45 min for 30 day before surgery | Preoperative education+no premedication+carbohydrate loading+judicious opioids+early mobilization | NA | 29 ±2.8 | 20 | 10 | 10 | 66.5 ±10.2 | 66.0. ±8.0 | 6 | 8 | Grade I: 3 | Grade I: 2 | NA | NA | Colon: 8 | Colon: 7 | NA | NA |
Grade II: 5 | Grade II: 5 | Rectal: 2 | Rectal: 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Grade III: 2 | Grade III: 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
van der Hulst et al. [13] (2021) | RCT | Multimodal PH vs. ERAS alone | Supervised exercise program 30–45 min with local personal trainer 2 times/wk for at >4 wk and at-home workouts | Preoperative education+no premedication+carbohydrate loading+judicious opioids+early mobilization | 30.6 | NA | 334 | 124 | 210 | 80.0 ±2.3 | 74.5 ±1.7 | 66 | 123 | Grade I/II: 77 | Grade I/II: 164 | 24 | 30 | Colon: 85 | Colon: 145 | 120 | 184 |
Grade III/IV: 47 | Grade III/IV: 46 | Rectal: 39 | Rectal: 65 |