Purpose The incidence of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is increasing owing to a rise in colonoscopy screening. For the endoscopic removal of NETs, complete resection including the submucosal layer is essential. Therefore, appropriate endoscopic resection techniques are of critical importance. This study aimed to analyze data on rectal NETs and help provide guidance for their endoscopic treatment.
Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from patients who underwent resection for rectal NETs at 6 institutions between 2010 and 2021.
Results A total of 1,406 tumors were resected from 1,401 patients. During a mean follow-up period of 55.4 months, there were 8 cases (0.5%) of recurrence. Overall, a complete resection was achieved in 77.6% of the patients, with modified endoscopic mucosal resection (mEMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) showing the highest rate at 86.0% and 84.9%, respectively, followed by conventional EMR (cEMR; 68.7%) and snare polypectomy (59.0%). In the subgroup analysis, statistically significant differences were observed in complete resection rates based on tumor size. ESD and mEMR demonstrated significantly higher complete resection rates compared with cEMR. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that tumor location of the lower rectum and advanced techniques (mEMR and ESD) were significant prognostic factors for complete resection rates.
Conclusion When encountering rectal subepithelial lesions on endoscopic examination, endoscopists should consider the possibility of NETs and carefully decide on the endoscopic treatment method. Therefore, it is advisable to perform mEMR or ESD to achieve complete resection, especially for rectal NETs measuring ≤10 mm.
Purpose While perianal disease (PAD) is a characteristic of patients with Crohn disease, it has been overlooked in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Thus, our study aimed to analyze the incidence and the clinical features of PAD in patients with UC.
Methods We reviewed the data on 944 patients with an initial diagnosis of UC from October 2003 to October 2015. PAD was categorized as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, abscesses, and fistulae after anoscopic examination by experienced proctologists. Data on patients’ demographics, incidence and types of PAD, medications, surgical therapies, and clinical course were analyzed.
Results The median follow-up period was 58 months (range, 12–142 months). Of the 944 UC patients, the cumulative incidence rates of PAD were 8.1% and 16.0% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. The incidence rates of bleeding hemorrhoids, anal fissures, abscesses, and fistulae at 10 years were 6.7%, 5.3%, 2.6%, and 3.4%, respectively. The cumulative incidence rates of perianal sepsis (abscess or fistula) were 2.2% and 4.5% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. In the multivariate analyses, male sex (risk ratio [RR], 4.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7–12.5) and extensive disease (RR, 4.2; 95% CI, 1.6–10.9) were significantly associated with the development of perianal sepsis.
Conclusion Although the clinical course of PAD in patients with UC is not serious, in clinical practice, PAD is not rare in such patients. Therefore, careful examination and appropriate management for PAD is needed if the quality of life for patients with UC is to be improved.
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