Annals of Coloproctology

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Benign proctology,Rare disease & stoma

Perianal Actinomycosis: A Surgeon’s Perspective and Review of Literature: Alexios Dosis, Atia Khan, Henrietta Leslie, Sahar Musaad, Adrian Smith; Ann Coloproctol. 2021;37(5):269-274. Published online October 29, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2021.00332.0047

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Actinomycosis is a serious suppurative, bacterial infection caused by the gram-positive anaerobic Actinomyces species. Primary perianal actinomycosis is rare and challenging for the colorectal surgeon. We aimed to present our experience and compare this with available literature. All patients with isolated Actinomyces on microbiology reports, between January 2013 and February 2021, were identified and reviewed. Data collection was retrospective based on electronic patient records. The site of infection and treatment strategy were examined. Perianal cases were evaluated in depth. All publications available in the literature were interrogated. Fifty-nine cases of positive actinomycosis cultures were reviewed. Six cases of colonization were excluded. Actinomyces turicensis was the most common organism isolated. Five cases of perianal actinomycosis were identified requiring prolonged antibiotic and surgical therapy. Twenty-one studies, most case reports, published since 1951 were also reviewed. Diagnosis of perianal actinomycosis may be challenging but should be suspected particularly in recurrent cases. Prolonged bacterial cultures in anaerobic conditions are necessary to identify the bacterium. An extended course of antibiotic therapy (months) is required for eradication in certain cases.

Citations

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Actinomyces Species As Emerging Pathogens: An Observational Study of Clinical Infections and Microbiological Implications
Abraham A Ayantunde, Joanne Kiang, Nadeem S Raja, Javeed Ahmed, Anjali Sanghera, Saumya Venkatesha, Andrew C Ekwesianya
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Imaging of perineal suppurations: a pictorial essay
Mohamed Amine Haouari, Chloé Gallégo, Vincent de Parades, Charlotte Fite, Caroline Touloupas, Alexandre Delpla, Isabelle Bouley-Coletta, Marc Zins
Abdominal Radiology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Skin and Soft Tissue Actinomycosis in Children and Adolescents
Salih Demirhan, Erika Orner, Wendy Szymczak, Philip J. Lee, Margaret Aldrich
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal.2024; 43(8): 743. CrossRef
Colonic actinomycosis masquerading a cancer resulting complete bowel obstruction-a case report
Lilamani Rajthala, Santosh Sirpaili, Krishna Mohan Adhikari
International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.2024; 125: 110563. CrossRef
Letter to the Editor: Actinomyces turicensis Causing Fournier Gangrene
Kaiying Wang, Thomas Zheng Jie Teng, Vishal G. Shelat
Surgical Infections.2022; 23(4): 411. CrossRef
Fungal perianal abscess as the initial presentation of disseminated coccidioidomycosis
Christian Olivo-Freites, Oscar E. Gallardo-Huizar, Christopher J. Graber, Kevin Ikuta
IDCases.2022; 30: e01636. CrossRef

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