Annals of Coloproctology

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Colorectal cancer

Neuroendocrine carcinoma associated with chronic ulcerative colitis: a case report and review of the literature: Yumi Yokota, Hiroyuki Anzai, Yuzo Nagai, Hirofumi Sonoda, Takahide Shinagawa, Yuichiro Yoshioka, Shinya Abe, Yuichiro Yokoyama, Hiroyuki Matsuzaki, Shigenobu Emoto, Koji Murono, Kazuhito Sasaki, Hiroaki Nozawa, Tetsuo Ushiku, Soichiro Ishihara; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(Suppl 1):S32-S37. Published online April 19, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2022.00801.0114

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Adenocarcinoma is a common histological type of ulcerative colitis-associated cancer (UCAC), whereas neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is extremely rare. UCAC is generally diagnosed at an advanced stage, even with regular surveillance colonoscopy. A 41-year-old man with a 17-year history of UC began receiving surveillance colonoscopy at the age of 37 years; 2 years later, dysplasia was detected in the sigmoid colon, and he underwent colonoscopy every 3 to 6 months. Approximately 1.5 years thereafter, a flat adenocarcinoma lesion occurred in the rectum. Flat lesions with high-grade dysplasia were found in the sigmoid colon and surrounding area. The patient underwent laparoscopic total proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis with ileostomy. Adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in the sigmoid colon and NEC in the rectum. One year postoperation, recurrence or metastasis was not evident. Regular surveillance colonoscopy is important in patients with long-term UC. A histological examination of UCAC might demonstrate NEC.

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Depressed lesion detected during surveillance colonoscopy in a patient with ulcerative colitis
Keijiro Numa, Kazuki Kakimoto, Noboru Mizuta, Naohiko Kinoshita, Kei Nakazawa, Ryoji Koshiba, Yuki Hirata, Ken Kawakami, Takako Miyazaki, Shiro Nakamura, Hiroki Nishikawa
Intestinal Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

Hematochezia due to Angiodysplasia of the Appendix: Je-Min Choi, Seung-Hun Lee, Seung-Hyun Lee, Byung-Kwon Ahn, Sung-Uhn Baek; Ann Coloproctol. 2016;32(3):117-119. Published online June 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2016.32.3.117

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Common causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding include diverticular disease, vascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, neoplasms, and hemorrhoids. Lower gastrointestinal bleeding of appendiceal origin is extremely rare. We report a case of lower gastrointestinal bleeding due to angiodysplasia of the appendix. A 72-year-old man presented with hematochezia. Colonoscopy showed active bleeding from the orifice of the appendix. We performed a laparoscopic appendectomy. Microscopically, dilated veins were found at the submucosal layer of the appendix. The patient was discharged uneventfully. Although lower gastrointestinal bleeding of appendiceal origin is very rare, clinicians should consider it during differential diagnosis.

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Citations to this article as recorded by

Dieulafoy's Disease Causing Appendiceal Hemorrhage: A Case Report
Ruitao Liu, Yang Yan, Guibing Chen
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Appendiceal bleeding caused by vascular malformation: A case report
Qin Ma, Jin-Jie Du
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2024; 12(14): 2457. CrossRef
Appendiceal bleeding, a rare yet important cause of lower gastrointestinal bleed
Ayman Tabcheh, Johny Salem, Karim Zodeh, Ammar Ghazale
European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A rare case of appendiceal haemorrhage causing life-threatening haematochezia
Howard H Y Tang, Daming Pan, Andrew Fitzdowse, Aaron Ow, Stephen Chan, Jason S C Tan
Journal of Surgical Case Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Beyond the Usual Suspects: Appendiceal Bleeding as the Surprising Cause of Lower Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding
Asher Siddiqui, Nowera Zafar, Mahdi Hakiminezhad, Zohaib Jamal, Imran Alam, Zeeshan Khawaja
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
WITHDRAWN: Appendiceal bleeding caused by vascular malformation: A case report and literature review
Qin Ma, Jinjie Du
International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.2023; : 108903. CrossRef
Clinical features, treatments and prognosis of appendiceal bleeding: a case series study
Xiao-cun Xing, Jin-lin Yang, Xue Xiao
BMC Gastroenterology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Angiodysplasia of the appendix: a diagnostic challenge and the importance of colonoscopy
Obiajulu Johnson, Naomi Mackenzie, Jamil Choudhury, Sanjay Furtado
BMJ Case Reports.2023; 16(12): e255498. CrossRef
Appendiceal bleeding: A case report
Sheng-Yue Zhou, Mao-Dong Guo, Xiao-Hua Ye
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2022; 10(18): 6314. CrossRef
Appendiceal bleeding in an elderly male: a case report and a review of the literature
Yuto Maeda, Seiya Saito, Mayuko Ohuchi, Yuka Tamaoki, Jiro Nasu, Hideo Baba
Surgical Case Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Acute Eosinophilic Appendicitis: A Rare Cause of Lower Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
So Ra Ahn, Joo Hyun Lee
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 78(2): 134. CrossRef
Appendix bleeding with painless bloody diarrhea: A case report and literature review
Wanqun Chen, Hong Qiu, Xiaojun Yang, Jinwei Zhang
Open Medicine.2019; 14(1): 735. CrossRef

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