Annals of Coloproctology

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Colorectal cancer

Lymphovascular invasion in colorectal cancers: can we predict it preoperatively?: Elbrus Zarbaliyev, Nihan Turhan, Sebahattin Çelik, Mehmet Çağlıkülekçi; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(3):245-252. Published online June 25, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2023.00458.0065

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Purpose
This study aimed to investigate preoperative predictors of lymphovascular invasion (LVI), which is a poor prognostic factor usually detected postoperatively in patients with colorectal cancer.
Methods
Results for all patients operated on for colorectal cancer between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2021, were retrospectively analyzed. Potential preoperative factors and postoperative pathology results were recorded. The patients were categorized as those with LVI and those without LVI. Potential factors that may be associated with LVI were compared between the 2 groups.
Results
The study included 335 patients. The incidence of LVI was 3.11 times higher in patients with ascending colon tumors (odds ratio [OR], 3.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34–7.23; P=0.008) and 4.28 times higher in those with metastatic tumors (OR, 4.28; 95% CI, 2.18–8.39; P<0.001). Diabetes mellitus was inversely related to LVI in colorectal cancer patients; specifically, LVI was 56% less common in colorectal cancer patients with diabetes mellitus, irrespective of its duration (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.25–0.76; P<0.001).
Conclusion
The presence of preoperative LVI in colorectal cancer patients is difficult to predict. In particular, the effect of the effect of factors such as chronic disease accompanied by microvascular pathologies on LVI is still unclear. Advances in the neoadjuvant treatment of colorectal cancer patients, who are becoming more widespread every day, will encourage the investigation of different methods of preoperatively predicting LVI as a poor prognostic factor in these patients.

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Immunohistochemical Expression of MLH1, PMS2 and P53 in Colorectal Carcinoma with Clinicopathologic Correlation
Saif Raghad Saleem Alhamadani, Zainab Khalid Shehab Almukhtar
Al-Rafidain Journal of Medical Sciences ( ISSN 2789-3219 ).2025; 9(1): 222. CrossRef

Colorectal cancer

Are the width, length, depth, and area of submucosal invasion predictive of lymph node metastasis in pT1 colorectal cancer?: Olga Maynovskaia, Evgeny Rybakov, Stanislav Chernyshov, Evgeniy Khomyakov, Sergey Achkasov; Ann Coloproctol. 2023;39(6):484-492. Published online December 26, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2023.00087.0012

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
Submucosa-limited (pathological T1, pT1) colorectal cancers (CRCs) pose a continuing challenge in the choice of treatment options, which range from local excision to radical surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphometric and morphologic risk factors associated with regional lymph node metastasis (LNM) in pT1 CRC.
Methods
We performed a histological review of patients who underwent oncological resection between 2016 and 2022. Tumor grade, budding, poorly differentiated clusters (PDCs), cancer gland rupture, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and presence of deep submucosal invasion (DSI), as well as width, length, total area, and area of DSI, were evaluated as potential risk factors for LNM.
Results
A total of 264 cases of colon and rectal carcinomas with invasion into the submucosal layer (pT1) were identified. LNM was found in 46 of the 264 cases (17.4%). All morphometric parameters, as well as DSI (P=0.330), showed no significant association with LNM. High grade adenocarcinoma (P=0.050), budding (P=0.056), and PDCs (P<0.001) were associated with LNM. In the multivariate analysis, LVI presence remained the only significant independent risk factor (odds ratio, 15.7; 95% confidence interval, 8.5–94.9; P<0.001).
Conclusion
The DSI of T1 CRC, as well as other morphometric parameters of submucosal tumor spread, held no predictive value in terms of LNM. LVI was the only independent risk factor of LNM.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The results of randomized controlled trial comparing effectiveness of transanal endoscopic microsurgery versus endoscopic submucosal dissection
Evgeny Rybakov, Stanislav Chernyshov, Aleksey Likutov, Evgeny Khomiakov, Oleg Yugai, Mikhail Alekseev, Olga Maynovskaia, Mikhail Tarasov, Sergei Achkasov
Surgical Endoscopy.2026; 40(1): 469. CrossRef
IMMUNOREACT 8: Immune markers of local tumor spread in patients undergoing transanal excision for clinically N0 rectal cancer
Giulia Becherucci, Cesare Ruffolo, Melania Scarpa, Federico Scognamiglio, Astghik Stepanyan, Isacco Maretto, Andromachi Kotsafti, Ottavia De Simoni, Pierluigi Pilati, Boris Franzato, Antonio Scapinello, Francesca Bergamo, Marco Massani, Tommaso Stecca, An
Surgery.2025; 178: 108902. CrossRef
Long-term outcomes and lymph node metastasis following endoscopic resection with additional surgery or primary surgery for T1 colorectal cancer
Pin-Chun Chen, Yi-Kai Kao, Po-Wen Yang, Chia-Hung Chen, Chih-I Chen
Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Management strategies for pT1 rectal cancer following local excision: Insights from a national survey by the AIRO gastrointestinal study group
Elena Galofaro, Paola De Franco, Federico Barbaro, Roberta Menghi, Silvia Pecere, Angela Romano, Silvia Di Franco, Rita Marina Niespolo, Mariantonietta Gambacorta, Giuditta Chiloiro
Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences.2025; 18(4): 101955. CrossRef
Problems and prospects of using morphological risk factors for lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer (review)
O. A. Mainovskaya
Koloproktologia.2025; 24(4): 177. CrossRef

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