Annals of Coloproctology

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Original Articles

Benign proctology,Surgical technique

Transperineal rectocele repair is ideal for patients presenting with fecal incontinence: Marie Shella De Robles, Christopher J. Young; Ann Coloproctol. 2022;38(5):376-379. Published online October 19, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2021.00157.0022

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3 Web of Science
3 Citations

Purpose
Rectocele can be associated with both obstructed defecation and fecal incontinence. There exists a great variety of operative techniques to treat patients with rectocele. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome in a consecutive series of patients who underwent transperineal repair of rectocele when presenting with fecal incontinence as the predominant symptom.
Methods
Twenty-three consecutive patients from April 2000 to July 2015 with symptomatic rectocele underwent transperineal repair by a single surgeon.
Results
All patients had a history of vaginal delivery, with or without evidence of associated anal sphincter injury at the time. The median age of the cohort was 53 years (range, 21–90 years). None were fully continent preoperatively. However, continence improved to just rare mucus soiling or loss of flatus in all patients 6 months after their surgery. There was no operative mortality. Postoperative complications including urinary retention and wound dehiscence occurred in 3 patients.
Conclusion
Fecal incontinence associated with rectocele is multifactorial and may be caused by preexisting anal sphincteric damage and attenuation. Our experience suggests that transperineal repair provides excellent anatomic and physiologic results with minimal morbidity in selected patients presenting with combined rectocele and anal sphincter defect.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Fecal Incontinence Outcomes Following Transvaginal Posterior Vaginal Wall Repair
Jersey B. Burns, Amr El Haraki, Jesseca Crawford, Candace Y. Parker-Autry
International Urogynecology Journal.2025; 36(5): 1061. CrossRef
IUGA Opinion Paper on Obstructed Defecation: Management of Clinical and Proctographic Rectoceles
Suneetha Rachaneni, Hans Peter Dietz, Pallavi Latthe, Annie Sirany, Anna Spivak, Anupreet Dua
International Urogynecology Journal.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Constipation
Karim Alavi, Amy J. Thorsen, Sandy H. Fang, Pamela L. Burgess, Gino Trevisani, Amy L. Lightner, Daniel L. Feingold, Ian M. Paquette
Diseases of the Colon & Rectum.2024; 67(10): 1244. CrossRef

Benign GI diease,Benign diesease & IBD

Long-term evolution of continence and quality of life after sphincteroplasty for obstetric fecal incontinence: Vicente Pla-Martí, Jose Martín-Arévalo, Rosa Martí-Fernández, David Moro-Valdezate, Stephanie García-Botello, Alejandro Espí-Macías, Miguel Mínguez-Pérez, Maria Dolores Ruiz-Carmona, Jose Vicente Roig-Vila; Ann Coloproctol. 2022;38(1):13-19. Published online September 18, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2020.09.16

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224 Download
10 Web of Science
11 Citations

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study was performed to evaluate the long-term evolution of continence and patient’s quality of life after surgical treatment for obstetric fecal incontinence.
Methods
A prospective longitudinal study was conducted including consecutive patients who underwent sphincteroplasty for severe obstetric fecal incontinence. The first phase analyzed changes in continence and impact on quality of life. The second phase studied the long-term evolution reevaluating the same group of patients 6 years later. Degree of fecal incontinence was calculated using the Cleveland Clinic Score (CCS). Quality of life assessment was carried out with the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life scale.
Results
Thirty-five patients with median age of 55 years (range, 28 to 73 years) completed the study. Phase 1 results: after a postoperative follow-up of 30 months (4 to 132 months), CCS had improved significantly from a preoperative of 15.7 ± 3.1 to 6.1 ± 5.0 (P < 0.001). Phase 2 results: median follow-up in phase 2 was 110 months (76 to 204 months). The CCS lowered to 8.4 ± 4.9 (P = 0.04). There were no significant differences between phases 1 and 2 in terms of quality of life; lifestyle (3.47 ± 0.75 vs. 3.16 ±1.04), coping/behavior (3.13 ±0.83 vs. 2.80 ±1.09), depression/self-perception (3.65 ±0.80 vs. 3.32 ± 0.98), and embarrassment (3.32 ± 0.90 vs. 3.12 ± 1.00).
Conclusion
Sphincteroplasty offers good short-medium term outcomes in continence and quality of life for obstetric fecal incontinence treatment. Functional clinical results deteriorate over time but did not impact on patients’ quality of life.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) and secondary overlapping sphincteroplasty from a colorectal perspective: A Systematic Review
Abdel Latif Khalifa Elnaim, Michael P.K. Wong, Ismail Sagap
Academic Medicine & Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparative outcomes of sphincteroplasty and sacral neuromodulation in postmenopausal women with late-onset fecal incontinence following obstetric trauma: a retrospective study
Alessandro Bergna, Andrea Rusconi, Jacques Megevand, Ettore Lillo, Massimo Amboldi, Alessio Lanzaro, Leonardo Lenisa, Ezio Ganio
Updates in Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries: A Urogynecologic Perspective on Detection and Diagnosis
Katarzyna Borycka, Diaa E. E. Rizk
International Urogynecology Journal.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Baiona’s Consensus Statement for Fecal Incontinence. Spanish Association of Coloproctology
Javier Cerdán Miguel, Antonio Arroyo Sebastián, Antonio Codina Cazador, Fernando de la Portilla de Juan, Mario de Miguel Velasco, Alberto de San Ildefonso Pereira, Fernando Jiménez Escovar, Franco Marinello, Mónica Millán Scheiding, Arantxa Muñoz Duyos, M
Cirugía Española (English Edition).2024; 102(3): 158. CrossRef
Diagnostic tools for fecal incontinence: Scoring systems are the crucial first step
Peter Liptak, Martin Duricek, Peter Banovcin
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2024; 30(6): 516. CrossRef
Consenso Baiona sobre Incontinencia Fecal: Asociación Española de Coloproctología
Javier Cerdán Miguel, Antonio Arroyo Sebastián, Antonio Codina Cazador, Fernando de la Portilla de Juan, Mario de Miguel Velasco, Alberto de San Ildefonso Pereira, Fernando Jiménez Escovar, Franco Marinello, Mónica Millán Scheiding, Arantxa Muñoz Duyos, M
Cirugía Española.2024; 102(3): 158. CrossRef
How to Avoid Becoming a Risk Factor of Fecal Incontinence Due to OASIS—A Narrative Review
Nikodem Horst
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(17): 5071. CrossRef
The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Fecal Incontinence
Liliana G. Bordeianou, Amy J. Thorsen, Deborah S. Keller, Alexander T. Hawkins, Craig Messick, Lucia Oliveira, Daniel L. Feingold, Amy L. Lightner, Ian M. Paquette
Diseases of the Colon & Rectum.2023; 66(5): 647. CrossRef
Validation of the Turkish version of the Quality of Life in Patients with Anal Fistula Questionnaire
Mehmet Ali Koç, Kerem Özgü, Derya Gökmen, Mehmet Süha Sevinç, Şiyar Ersöz, Cihangir Akyol
Turkish Journal of Colorectal Disease.2023; 33(4): 124. CrossRef
A systematic review of translation and experimental studies on internal anal sphincter for fecal incontinence
Minsung Kim, Bo-Young Oh, Ji-Seon Lee, Dogeon Yoon, Wook Chun, Il Tae Son
Annals of Coloproctology.2022; 38(3): 183. CrossRef
Is It a Refractory Disease?- Fecal Incontinence; beyond Medication
Chungyeop Lee, Jong Lyul Lee
The Ewha Medical Journal.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Case Report

Surgically Correctable Fecal Incontinence Associated with Traumatic Duhamel Operation: A Report of Three Cases.: Yoon, Wan Hee , Choi, Jeong Hun; J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2002;18(2):137-140.

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23 Download

Abstract PDF: We present 3 cases of fecal incontinence associated with traumatic injury during Duhamel procedure. Three male patients suffered from persistent fecal soiling and incontinence for more than 7 years after definitive surgery for Hirschsprung's disease by a pediatric surgeon. They showed grade 4 frequent major soiling, mild patulous anus, and flattening of the anorectal angle due to traumatic injury of the external sphincter and puborectalis muscle on the posterior midline of the anorectal junction. On Parks postanal pelvic floor repair procedures, the incontinent symptoms were abated, anatomic changes were normalized, and postoperative Kirwan classification scales were markedly improved from grade 4 to grade 1. Patients with fecal incontinence after Duhamel operation for Hirschsprung's disease may have a traumatic injury of the anal sphincter. Careful physical and laboratory examinations should be performed for the confirmation of traumatic injury in these patients, and Parks postanal repair could be the treatment of choice for the correction of incontinence.

Original Article

Diagnosis of Anal Sphincter Injuries by Manometric Radial Asymmetry.: Seong, Moo Kyung , Cha, Hyung Hwan , Park, Ung Chae; J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 1999;15(2):131-136.

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2 Download

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was undertaken to evaluate how well anorectal manometry diagnose anal sphincter injury, especially with regard to the parameter of radial asymmetry. METHODS: Anorectal manometry were performed in 27 male patients with anal fistula of transsphincteric type. The postoperative values of each manometric parameter including radial asymmetry (RA) were compared with preoperative ones. And also, the association between the sites of functional defect assessed by cross-sectional pressure data under station pull-through (SPT) technique and those of anatomical defect made by fistulotomy operation were determined.
RESULTS
Under rapid pull-through (RPT) technique, maximum resting pressure (MRP); 113.1 21.3 mmHg (preoperative value) vs 68.0 18.5 mmHg (p=.000) (postoperative value), RA of MRP; 16.7 3.7% vs 24.1 7.5% (p=.002), Maximum squeeze pressures (MSP); 199.0 35.2 mmHg, 169.6 48.7 mmHg (p=.006), RA of MSP; 15.5 3.7%, 22.8 3.5% (p=.000). Under SPT technique, MRP; 100.4 39.5 mmHg vs 71.2 34.6 mmHg (p=.000), RA of MRP; 16.3 7.9% vs 24.2 10.8% (p=.026), MSP; 299.1 71.6 mmHg vs 231.4 90.3 mmHg (p=.004), RA of MSP; 13.0 6.1% vs 22.0 8.4% (p=.001). Sites of functional defects interpreted upon SPT data were coincidental with sites of anatomical defects made by fistulotomy in 88.9% (MRP) and 92.6% (MSP) of cases.
CONCLUSIONS
Manometric radial asymmetry could be a useful parameter in diagnosing anal sphincter injury and locating the site of defect.

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