1. Brodén B, Snellman B. Procidentia of the rectum studied with cineradiography. A contribution to the discussion of causative mechanism. Dis Colon Rectum 1968;11:330–47.
2. Roig JV, Buch E, Alós R, Solana A, Fernández C, Villoslada C, et al. Anorectal function in patients with complete rectal prolapse. Differences between continent and incontinent individuals. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 1998;90:794–805.
7. Loygue J, Nordlinger B, Cunci O, Malafosse M, Huguet C, Parc R. Rectopexy to the promontory for the treatment of rectal prolapse. Report of 257 cases. Dis Colon Rectum 1984;27:356–9.
9. Berman IR. Sutureless laparoscopic rectopexy for procidentia. Technique and implications. Dis Colon Rectum 1992;35:689–93.
10. Khanna AK, Misra MK, Kumar K. Simplified sutured sacral rectopexy for complete rectal prolapse in adults. Eur J Surg 1996;162:143–6.
12. Frykman HM, Goldberg SM. The surgical treatment of rectal procidentia. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1969;129:1225–30.
13. Ashari LH, Lumley JW, Stevenson AR, Stitz RW. Laparoscopically-assisted resection rectopexy for rectal prolapse: ten years’ experience. Dis Colon Rectum 2005;48:982–7.
14. Emile SH, Elfeki H, Shalaby M, Sakr A, Sileri P, Wexner SD. Perineal resectional procedures for the treatment of complete rectal prolapse: a systematic review of the literature. Int J Surg 2017;46:146–54.
15. Tsunoda A, Yasuda N, Yokoyama N, Kamiyama G, Kusano M. Delorme’s procedure for rectal prolapse: clinical and physiological analysis. Dis Colon Rectum 2003;46:1260–5.
16. Cirocco WC. The Altemeier procedure for rectal prolapse: an operation for all ages. Dis Colon Rectum 2010;53:1618–23.
17. Fan K, Cao AM, Barto W, De Lacavalerie P. Perineal stapled prolapse resection for external rectal prolapse: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Colorectal Dis 2020;22:1850–61.
18. Agachan F, Chen T, Pfeifer J, Reissman P, Wexner SD. A constipation scoring system to simplify evaluation and management of constipated patients. Dis Colon Rectum 1996;39:681–5.
19. Pescatori M, Anastasio G, Bottini C, Mentasti A. New grading and scoring for anal incontinence. Evaluation of 335 patients. Dis Colon Rectum 1992;35:482–7.
20. Baqué P, Karimdjee B, Iannelli A, Benizri E, Rahili A, Benchimol D, et al. Anatomy of the presacral venous plexus: implications for rectal surgery. Surg Radiol Anat 2004;26:355–8.
21. Wijffels N, Cunningham C, Dixon A, Greenslade G, Lindsey I. Laparoscopic ventral rectopexy for external rectal prolapse is safe and effective in the elderly. Does this make perineal procedures obsolete? Colorectal Dis 2011;13:561–6.
22. Young MT, Jafari MD, Phelan MJ, Stamos MJ, Mills S, Pigazzi A, et al. Surgical treatments for rectal prolapse: how does a perineal approach compare in the laparoscopic era? Surg Endosc 2015;29:607–13.
23. Riansuwan W, Hull TL, Bast J, Hammel JP, Church JM. Comparison of perineal operations with abdominal operations for full-thickness rectal prolapse. World J Surg 2010;34:1116–22.
24. Mustain WC, Davenport DL, Parcells JP, Vargas HD, Hourigan JS. Abdominal versus perineal approach for treatment of rectal prolapse: comparable safety in a propensity-matched cohort. Am Surg 2013;79:686–92.
25. Fang SH, Cromwell JW, Wilkins KB, Eisenstat TE, Notaro JR, Alva S, et al. Is the abdominal repair of rectal prolapse safer than perineal repair in the highest risk patients? An NSQIP analysis. Dis Colon Rectum 2012;55:1167–72.
26. Pikarsky AJ, Joo JS, Wexner SD, Weiss EG, Nogueras JJ, Agachan F, et al. Recurrent rectal prolapse: what is the next good option? Dis Colon Rectum 2000;43:1273–6.
29. Senapati A, Nicholls RJ, Thomson JP, Phillips RK. Results of Delorme’s procedure for rectal prolapse. Dis Colon Rectum 1994;37:456–60.
30. Plaskett J, Baigrie R, Thomson SR. Recurrence after Delorme’s procedure in a single and multi-surgeon setting. S Afr J Surg 2020;5:78–85.
31. Agachan F, Reissman P, Pfeifer J, Weiss EG, Nogueras JJ, Wexner SD. Comparison of three perineal procedures for the treatment of rectal prolapse. South Med J 1997;90:925–32.
32. Ram E, Hoffman A, Goldes Y, Rosin D, Horesh N, Gutman M, et al. Perineal stapled rectal prolapse resection in elderly patients: long-term follow-up. Dis Colon Rectum 2018;61:1316–9.
33. Zbar AP, Takashima S, Hasegawa T, Kitabayashi K. Perineal rectosigmoidectomy (Altemeier’s procedure): a review of physiology, technique and outcome. Tech Coloproctol 2002;6:109–16.
34. Speakman CT, Madden MV, Nicholls RJ, Kamm MA. Lateral ligament division during rectopexy causes constipation but prevents recurrence: results of a prospective randomized study. Br J Surg 1991;78:1431–3.
35. Fernandes RHO, Rossi TA. Transanal rectopexy-twelve case studies. J Coloproctol (Rio De Janeiro) 2012;32:132–5.
36. Shen P, Peng C, Zhang W, Fu J, Chen C, Liu P. Exploration of the safe suture area of the presacral space in sacrocolpopexy by 3-dimensional (3D) models reconstructed from CT. Int Urogynecol J 2021;32:865–70.
37. Chan WK, Kay SM, Laberge JM, Gallucci JG, Bensoussan AL, Yazbeck S. Injection sclerotherapy in the treatment of rectal prolapse in infants and children. J Pediatr Surg 1998;33:255–8.