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1Proctologic Surgery, Groupe Hospitalier Diaconesses Croix Saint-Simon, Paris, France
2Anesthesia Department, Groupe Hospitalier Diaconesses Croix Saint-Simon, Paris, France
Copyright © 2022 The Korean Society of Coloproctology
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
FUNDING
None.
Variable | Total population (n = 8,990) | Case (n = 65) | Bleeding prevalence (%) | Transfusion | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 0.7 | 9 (0.1) | ||||
Hemorrhoidal surgery | 2,472 (27.5) | 46 (70.8) | 1.8a | 7 (0.3) | ||
Milligan-Morgan | 1,519 (16.9) | 38 (58.5) | 2.5 | 7 (0.5) | ||
Single pile excision | 866 (9.6) | 7 (10.8) | 0.9 | 0 (0) | ||
Longo | 87 (1.0) | 1 (1.5) | 1.1 | 0 (0) | ||
Fissure | 1,062 (11.8) | 5 (7.7) | 0.5a | 1 (0.1) | ||
Fissurectomy | 294 (3.3) | 3 (4.6) | 1.0 | |||
Advanced flap | 768 (8.5) | 2 (3.1) | 0.2 | |||
Condyloma | 1,535 (17.1) | 4 (6.2) | 0.3a | 0 (0) | ||
Fistula | 3,776 (42.0) | 10 (15.4) | 0.3a | 1 (0.03) | ||
Complex fistula | 3,028 (33.7) | 6 (9.2) | 0.2 | |||
Simple fistula | 748 (8.3) | 4 (6.2) | 0.5 | |||
Othersb | 145 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Variable |
Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case | Control | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
Active smoking | 16.9% | 36.2% | 0.007 | 0.31 (0.14–0.65) | 0.003 |
Male sex | 73.8% | 56.9% | 0.030 | 2.44 (1.25–4.98) | 0.010 |
AC or PI | 7.7% | 4.6% | 0.370 | NI | NI |
Age (yr)a | 45.6 (12.0) | 46.0 (13.0) | 0.980 | NI | NI |
Variable | Total population (n = 8,990) | Case (n = 65) | Bleeding prevalence (%) | Transfusion | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 0.7 | 9 (0.1) | ||||
Hemorrhoidal surgery | 2,472 (27.5) | 46 (70.8) | 1.8 |
7 (0.3) | ||
Milligan-Morgan | 1,519 (16.9) | 38 (58.5) | 2.5 | 7 (0.5) | ||
Single pile excision | 866 (9.6) | 7 (10.8) | 0.9 | 0 (0) | ||
Longo | 87 (1.0) | 1 (1.5) | 1.1 | 0 (0) | ||
Fissure | 1,062 (11.8) | 5 (7.7) | 0.5 |
1 (0.1) | ||
Fissurectomy | 294 (3.3) | 3 (4.6) | 1.0 | |||
Advanced flap | 768 (8.5) | 2 (3.1) | 0.2 | |||
Condyloma | 1,535 (17.1) | 4 (6.2) | 0.3 |
0 (0) | ||
Fistula | 3,776 (42.0) | 10 (15.4) | 0.3 |
1 (0.03) | ||
Complex fistula | 3,028 (33.7) | 6 (9.2) | 0.2 | |||
Simple fistula | 748 (8.3) | 4 (6.2) | 0.5 | |||
Others |
145 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Characteristic | Case (n = 65) | Control (n = 130) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (yr) | 47.0 ± 23.3 | 45.5 ± 24.0 | 0.98 |
Sex | |||
Male | 48 (73.8) | 74 (56.9) | 0.03 |
Female | 17 (26.2) | 56 (43.1) | |
Past history of anal surgery | 2 (3.1) | 7 (5.4) | 0.47 |
Smoking status | |||
Non-smoker | 54 (83.1) | 83 (63.9) | 0.007 |
Smoker | 11 (16.9) | 47 (36.2) | |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||
< 25 | 45 (69.2) | 82 (63.1) | 0.43 |
≥ 25 | 20 (30.8) | 48 (36.9) | |
HIV-positive | 2 (3.1) | 11 (8.5) | 0.23 |
Liver disease | 1 (1.5) | 1 (0.8) | > 0.99 |
Hemophilia | 2 (3.1) | 0 (0) | 0.11 |
Anticoagulant | |||
No | 62 (95.4) | 127 (97.7) | 0.33 |
Yes | 3 (4.6) | 3 (2.3) | |
Antiplatelet agent | |||
No | 63 (96.9) | 127 (97.7) | 0.87 |
Yes | 2 (3.1) | 3 (2.3) | |
Dialysis | |||
No | 65 (100) | 130 (100) | |
Yes | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
Variable | Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case | Control | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
Active smoking | 16.9% | 36.2% | 0.007 | 0.31 (0.14–0.65) | 0.003 |
Male sex | 73.8% | 56.9% | 0.030 | 2.44 (1.25–4.98) | 0.010 |
AC or PI | 7.7% | 4.6% | 0.370 | NI | NI |
Age (yr) |
45.6 (12.0) | 46.0 (13.0) | 0.980 | NI | NI |
Values are presented as number (%) or percentage only. P<10−4, comparing severe bleeding rates between the hemorrhoidal surgery and the other procedures. Sphincter repair, under general anesthesia examination, artificial sphincter placement, rectal tumor resection.
Values are presented as data only or number (%). HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; NA, not available.
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; AC, anticoagulant; PI, platelet-inhibitor; NI, not included. Median (interquartile range).