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Department of Colorectal Surgery, Wellness Hospital, Busan, Korea
Copyright © 2023 The Korean Society of Coloproctology
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
FUNDING
None.
Variable | Delayed bleeding (n = 11) |
---|---|
Duration until delayed bleeding (day) | 13.64 ± 4.67 (7–22) |
Location | |
Left | 4 (36.4) |
Left, right posterior | 1 (9.1) |
Right anterior | 2 (18.2) |
Right anterior, right posterior | 1 (9.1) |
Right posterior | 3 (27.3) |
Surgical treatment | 11 (100) |
Transfusion | 0 (0) |
Hemoglobin (g/dL)a | 11.00 ± 1.91 (7.6–13.3) |
Variable | Overall | RBL | BC | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
No. of patients | 632 | 316 | 316 | |
Age (yr) | 45.77 ± 14.83 (15–84) | 46.31 ± 14.37 (15–83) | 45.23 ± 15.27 (18–84) | 0.361a |
Sex | ||||
Male | 304 (48.1) | 169 (53.5) | 135 (42.7) | 0.007b |
Female | 328 (51.9) | 147 (46.5) | 181 (57.3) | |
Main symptom and cause of treatment | ||||
Bleeding | 374 (59.2) | 179 (56.6) | 195 (61.7) | 0.195b |
Prolapse | 443 (70.1) | 203 (64.2) | 240 (75.9) | 0.001b |
Pain | 208 (32.9) | 85 (26.9) | 123 (38.9) | 0.001b |
Pruritus | 32 (5.1) | 17 (5.4) | 15 (4.7) | 0.717b |
Constipation | 47 (7.4) | 29 (9.2) | 18 (5.7) | 0.095b |
Hemorrhoids grade | ||||
1 | 87 (13.8) | 66 (20.9) | 21 (6.6) | < 0.001b |
2 | 276 (43.7) | 158 (50.0) | 118 (37.3) | |
3 | 269 (42.6) | 92 (29.1) | 177 (56.0) | |
Location | ||||
Left | 101 (16.0) | 58 (18.4) | 43 (13.6) | < 0.001b |
Right anterior | 50 (7.9) | 37 (11.7) | 13 (4.1) | |
Right posterior | 120 (19.0) | 80 (25.3) | 40 (12.7) | |
Left+right anterior | 46 (7.3) | 25 (7.9) | 21 (6.6) | |
Left+right posterior | 160 (25.3) | 75 (23.7) | 85 (26.9) | |
Right anterior+posterior | 54 (8.5) | 33 (10.4) | 21 (6.6) | |
Left+right anterior+right posterior | 101 (16.0) | 8 (2.5) | 93 (29.4) | |
No. of ligated sites | 1.74 ± 0.72 | 1.49 ± 0.57 | 1.99 ± 0.77 | < 0.001a |
1 | 268 (42.4) | 172 (54.4) | 96 (30.4) | < 0.001b |
2 | 259 (41.0) | 132 (41.8) | 127 (40.2) | |
3 | 105 (16.6) | 12 (3.8) | 93 (29.4) | |
Anesthesia | ||||
Local | 244 (38.6) | 192 (60.8) | 52 (16.5) | < 0.001b |
Spinal | 377 (59.7) | 124 (39.2) | 253 (80.1) | |
Not done | 11 (1.7) | 0 (0) | 11 (3.5) | |
Anticoagulant | ||||
Yes | 34 (5.4) | 14 (4.4) | 20 (6.3) | 0.290b |
No | 598 (94.6) | 302 (95.6) | 296 (93.7) | |
Hemoglobin (g/dL)c | 13.19 ± 1.53 (7.1–17.7) | 13.03 ± 1.54 (7.3–16.6) | 13.35 ± 1.51 (7.1–17.7) | 0.040a |
Variable | RBL (n = 316) | BC (n = 316) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Major complication | |||
Delayed bleeding | 11 (3.5) | 0 (0) | 0.001a |
Severe thrombosis with pain | 2 (0.6) | 1 (0.3) | < 0.001b |
Minor complication | |||
Minor pain | 6 (1.9) | 2 (0.6) | 0.286b |
Minor bleeding | 4 (1.3) | 2 (0.6) | 0.686b |
Band slippage | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | < 0.001b |
Urinary retention | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | < 0.001b |
Recurrence at 1 year after surgery | |||
No relapse | 303 (95.9) | 315 (99.7) | 0.005b |
Bleeding | 8 (2.5) | 1 (0.3) | |
Bleeding, pain | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | |
Prolapse | 2 (0.6) | 0 (0) | |
Prolapse, pain | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | |
Pruritus | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | |
Operative method when recurred | |||
RBL | 10 (76.9) | 0 (0) | 0.286b |
BC | 3 (23.1) | 1 (100) |
Variable | Delayed bleeding (n = 11) |
---|---|
Duration until delayed bleeding (day) | 13.64 ± 4.67 (7–22) |
Location | |
Left | 4 (36.4) |
Left, right posterior | 1 (9.1) |
Right anterior | 2 (18.2) |
Right anterior, right posterior | 1 (9.1) |
Right posterior | 3 (27.3) |
Surgical treatment | 11 (100) |
Transfusion | 0 (0) |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) |
11.00 ± 1.91 (7.6–13.3) |
Values are presented as number only, mean±standard deviation (range), or number (%). RBL, rubber band ligation; BC, BANANA-Clip (Endovision, Daegu, Korea). P-values were derived from aindependent t-test or bchi-square test. cn=391, 186, 205, respectively.
Values are presented as number only or number (%). RBL, rubber band ligation; BC, BANANA-Clip (Endovision, Daegu, Korea). P-values were derived by achi-square test and bFisher exact test.
Values are presented as number only, mean±standard deviation (range), or number (%). n=10.